نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشکده معماری و شهر سازی ، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران ، تهران، ایران
2 گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهر سازی ، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران ، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
In recent years, the growing demand for housing and the rising cost of land—especially in developing cities—have accelerated vertical urban growth and intensified the need for affordable housing units. This issue is particularly critical in cities such as Zanjan, where spatial and economic constraints are more pronounced. In such contexts, the absence of appropriate spatial layout and minimum quality standards in housing units can negatively impact both individual well-being and overall livability. Accordingly, this study aims to propose an optimized spatial configuration for affordable housing units in Zanjan by employing space syntax as a reliable analytical method for evaluating spatial arrangements.
In the first stage, key qualitative components influencing the design of affordable housing were identified. These components were then examined in relation to core space syntax indicators, namely depth, connectivity, and integration. Subsequently, the structure and spatial organization of 114 two-bedroom units were assessed. From this dataset, 40 plans that represented a wider diversity of spatial patterns were selected. Functional relationship diagrams were generated for these cases, highlighting the positioning and interaction of public and private spaces. Based on their geometric characteristics and overall spatial logic, the selected plans were classified into three distinct types.
To evaluate and compare the spatial quality of each type, space syntax analysis was applied, and the resulting values were cross-referenced with the qualitative criteria derived from the literature. The goal was to identify the strengths of each spatial model and assist both designers and users in making informed choices based on long-term adaptability and functional efficiency.
The findings show that Type 3, with a score of 40.9, provides the highest spatial quality. This layout features a mid-plan entrance and a clear separation between public and private areas, leading to improved spatial performance. Type 2, with a score of 40.3, includes an entrance along the plan’s length and a direct connection between the kitchen and the living area. Type 1, scoring 38.7, is characterized by an end-plan entrance, a kitchen directly adjacent to the entry, and a more compartmentalized arrangement of bedrooms away from the living space
The results suggest that functional zoning into public, private, and service areas—along with attention to spatial depth, connectivity, and integration—can significantly enhance spatial performance, even in units with limited floor area. In particular, careful consideration of spatial hierarchy, entrance positioning, and the relationships between key spaces such as kitchens, living rooms, bedrooms, and bathrooms plays a critical role in improving layout efficiency and overall spatial organization. Among the evaluated types, Type 3 demonstrates the most balanced composition of these elements and may serve as a suitable model for future affordable housing design in similar urban contexts. Meanwhile, although Type 1 received the lowest score, it still has the potential for improvement through minor modifications, particularly in entrance placement and the redistribution of service areas.
Ultimately, the findings of this study can serve as a foundation for enhancing the design quality of affordable housing, grounded in the principles of space syntax analysis.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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