نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت شهری، گروه برنامهریزی شهری،دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The global challenge of providing adequate housing, particularly for low-income groups, is a critical concern for policymakers and urban managers. Housing, as a foundation of the economy, plays a crucial role in societal development. Consequently, ensuring suitable housing not only enhances people's quality of life but also can also stimulate economic growth and sustainable development.
One of the primary reasons for national and local government intervention in the housing market is to facilitate access to housing for low-income groups. Due to financial constraints, even under normal market conditions, low-income groups struggle to access adequate housing.
Despite Iran's laws and various programs emphasizing the provision of housing for low-income groups, government policies have focused on housing production. However, many low-income individuals lack the financial capacity to purchase or build housing, even with subsidies, and even struggle to afford rent.
This research aims to examine housing policies for low-income groups, with a focus on the role of local government, using Tehran City Management as a case study. The study employs a qualitative approach, characterized as descriptive in nature and applied in purpose.
Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the necessary data. Participants included members of the former and current Tehran City Council and Municipality, officials from the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, and urban researchers and experts. Data collection employed purposive sampling and snowball sampling, with the final number reaching 21 interviews upon data saturation.
The collected interview data was analyzed using a three-stage coding framework (open, axial, and selective) and interpreted through content analysis in MAXQDA software.
The findings reveal that the centralized governance structure and the lack of integrated urban management in Iran have rendered social and economic development programs in the housing sector, particularly for low-income groups, ineffective.
Consequently, one of the most significant reasons for the existing housing problems in Iran is the absence of clear and explicit laws and regulations. To improve this situation, a suitable legal framework is needed that clearly delineates the roles and responsibilities of each executive agency in the housing sector. With such a framework, housing policies can be implemented more effectively.
Another issue is the lack of coordination between the national government and municipalities, which has led to the uncontrolled growth of the housing market and increased opportunities for rent-seeking. Under these circumstances, municipalities, instead of focusing on providing housing for low-income groups, prioritize revenue generation through density bonuses.
. Additionally, the utilization of Tehran's inner-city capacities—particularly through the regeneration of deteriorated urban areas—represents a viable strategy for alleviating housing shortages. Empowering local governments with greater authority can enhance the effective use of these capacities and contribute to improving the housing situation, especially in Tehran.
Therefore, to improve the housing situation in Iran, particularly for low-income groups, it is essential to enhance the role of local governments by delegating responsibilities to municipalities and creating a legal framework for this delegation. This would enable the utilization of existing capacities in cities for housing provision, although it would require a specific legal structure, particularly within the framework of integrated management.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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