Analysis and Comparison The Thermal Performance of Solar Greenhouse (Simulated Model and Portotypic Model) in The Cold and Mountainous Climate of The Country (Case Study: Iran, Solar Greenhouse in Kermanshah City)

One of the ways to conserve energy is to use passive solutions in buildings, Solar greenhouses are one of these solutions. In this research, the optimal model of solar greenhouse in Kermanshah city is determined. The main goal of this research is to validate and verify the software simulation using the construction and field testing of the real model in order to determine the optimal model of the solar greenhouse in Kermanshah city.
In this research, the concepts related to the efficiency of greenhouse effects are discussed. The method will be descriptive. The selected simulation software of this research is Energy Plus due to the numerical and comparative nature of the research, and in the parts where the research examines the optimal model of the solar greenhouse in Kermanshah, using the above software. Analytical method. Since the results of the studies are compared, the method is comparative. Computer simulation of energy consumption in the building is an analytical method and comparison with the field observations through the construction and testing of the actual greenhouse model is an experimental method.
 In this research, using the Energy Plus software, while assuming some basic variables in the thermal performance of the solar greenhouse, including (orientation, roof tilt angle, dimensions, translucent window and heat loss), the optimal state, by simulating the conditions different and the comparison between them has been determined, in order to be closer to the real conditions, the loading of the climate file prepared from the hourly weather data of Kermanshah Airport meteorological station has been used in the simulation software. Therefore, by assuming several basic variables in the thermal performance of the greenhouse, the optimal mode includes (190 degrees south-west orientation), roof slope angle (50 degrees), dimensions based on the equation (cot (500 ) = b/h), translucent wall (6 mm glass with low external emissivity layer and 4 mm plain glass with 13 mm gap and neutral gas injection) and installation of thermal insulation with a thickness of 50 mm) were determined by simulating different conditions.
 In order to validate the simulation, compared to the construction of the actual greenhouse sample, based on the results of the initial simulation, the action and thermal performance of the two simulated and constructed samples were compared during a 72-hour field test, the results show that Ali Although there is a difference in the recorded internal temperatures of the two samples, especially during the third 24 hours (due to the phenomenon of cloudy sky and local winds), the trend of their temperature changes is synchronized and the analysis of descriptive statistics and the linear distribution diagram of the resulting data using From the SPSS software, it shows a relatively strong distribution and linear relationship around the regression line, which generally shows the accuracy and validity of the software simulation.
 The most important innovation aspect of this research is the simultaneous use of software simulation methods and its validation through real model construction and field tests. which will provide sufficient confidence in the research results.