Residential Block Grading Analysis from Criminology Perspective Using Space Syntax Techniques

Document Type : Research Paper

Abstract

Several factors such as socio-economic, physical and environmental vulnerability affects the crime rate and each with its own special place in altered offense in a variety of play spaces. The aim of this study is one of the components of physical environmental factors in terms of crime, as one of the most important factors in the environment is secure and in this regard, housing spaces around it, as the human life is assessed. On the issue raised, three outdoor pattern among residential blocks were that the receiver has a central courtyard patterns, lines or rows and blocks scattered or isolated. Assessment tool in this regard in order to achieve this goal, syntax-space theory is that by using the software analysis, done. Computer studies done by the software Depthmap indicators "Physical accessibility", "visual accessibility", "local access" universal access "analyzed the rest. In general, this research first the factors contributing to the change in crime rate and paid for residential outdoor spaces And then given the tools used to study space syntax theory to explain the theoretical framework will be discussed. Then, taking into consideration the findings of this part of the study case studies, raised factor test and data analysis carried out and in the end, according to the results of this section, the final pattern optimized with the lowest rate is likely to rise in crime And of course the physical and environmental features, introduction and ways to explain the result. is. the outdoor design blocks scattered, due to the disproportionate fines reduced by factors in the environment, the possibility of crime where most of the other examples mentioned. In this study, one of the most important factors associated with the issue of crime was physical. The ability to access a variety of important factors in assessing the security environment. residential as one of the most important human settlements that spent the most hours of the day and security is very important, as the sample was included in this study einally, with regard to three single central linear pattern, according to the analysis of some indicators of criminology perspective, central open space as a set of security environment more favorable to gender learn the pattern of the other adopted was and linear pattern and the next single was in place. Therefore, considering the above process, in addition to the physical features and get the optimal solution proposals in connection with the promotion of safety in the adopt pattern is:
- Non-breeding tall trees and dense surrounding residential areas, especially in blind spots
- Appropriate layout of urban indicators, such as statues, etc. in order not to create a visually inaccessible places
- Appropriate lighting in places inaccessible and Cottrell at intervals extended
- Locating the security environment in places that have a good sight to the blind
- The edges of the space has a special place because of what we reap the center space availability is reduced. - Control and protection of these areas also seem necessary.

Keywords

References

قاضی­زاده، سیده ندا (1390)،  تأثیر طراحی فضای باز مجتمع مسکونی درایجاد حس دلبستگی به مکان، به راهنمایی دکتر امیرسعید محمودی،  رساله­ی دکتری، دانشگاه تهران.
نیومن، اسکار، (1394)، خلق فضای قابل دفاع، رواقی، فائزه و صابر، کاوه، انتشارات طحـان­، هله، تهران.
Atlas, R (1999), Designing against Terror: Sit Security Planning & Drsign Criteria, Architectural Graphics Standards, Atlas safety & security design, Florida.
Beck, M. P ­(2015), Slicing the cake: An Isovist-based analysis of computerised workplace configuration, Proceedings of the 10th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Dalton, R(a); N. S Dalton (2015), The problem of representation of 3D Isovists, Proceedings of the 10th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Dalton. R(b); N. S Dalton; I, Peverett; S, Clinch (2015), Using laser scanning to produce 3D  Isovists of real environments, Proceedings of the 10th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Feng SHU, S (1999), Housing layout and crime vulnerability, Proceedings:­­ 1th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Feng SHU, S (1999), Housing layout and crime vulnerability, Proceedings:­­ 1th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Feng SHU, S; Jason, N; H, Huang (2003), Spatial configuration and vulnerability of residential burglary: A case study of a city in Taiwan, Proceedings:­­ 4th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Gibson, J (1978), The Ecological approach To The Visual perception Of Pictures, Leonardo, No, 11,pp. 227-235.
Gil, J (2015), Examining ‘edge effects’: Sensitivity of spatial network centrality analysis to boundary conditions, Proceedings of the 10th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Griz, C; L, Amorim (2015), when luxury is necessary, Apartment projects in Recife – Brazil, Proceedings of the 10th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Hillier, B (1988), Against Enclosure, in: Teymour, N, Markus, T and Wooley, T (eds.), RehumanizingHousing, London: Butterworths, pp. 63-86.
Hillier, B (2007), Space is the machine, A configurational theory of architecture, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Hillier, B & Sahbaz, O (2005), High Resolution Analysis of Crime Patterns in Urban Street Networks: An Initial Statistical Sketch from an Ongoing Study of a London Borough, A. van Nes, Proceedings, 5th International Space Syntax Symposium, TU Delft, Techne Press, Delft.
Hillier, B & Shu, S (2000), Crime and Urban Layout: The Need for Evidence, Key issues in Crime Prevention, Crime Reduction and Community Safety, Institute for Public Policy research, London, pp:244-248.
Hillier, B. J & Hanson (1984), the Social Logic of Space, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Hillier, B. J & Hanson (1985), What Do We Mean By Building Function? Bartlett School of Architecture and Planning University College, London.
Lazaridou, A (2013), Visibility and permeability relationsin three dimensional cultural environments  the Ashmolean Museum as a case study Proceedings of the 9th International Space Syntax Symposium, Sejong University, Seoul.
Nasar, J. L (1982), A model relating visual attributes in the residential environment to fear of crime, Journal of Environmental Systems, 11, 247-255.
Penn. A (2003), Space syntax and spatial cognition or why the axial line? Environment and Behavior, 35(1), ?????????.
Saatci, M & D. E, Onder ( 2015), Spatial hierarchy on vernacular houses in Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey, Proceedings of the 10th International Space Syntax Symposium, London.
Turner. A, Doxa. M, O’Sullivan. D, Penn. A (2001),From Isovists to visibility graphs: A methodology for the analysis of architectural space, Environ. Plan. B Plan. Des, 28, 103–121.
Varoudis, T (2014), Augmented visibility graph analysis: Mixed-directionality graph model for analyzing architectural space, ?????????????
Varoudis, T & S, Psarra (2014), beyond two dimensions: Architecture through three-dimensional visibility graph analysis, Journal of space syntax, No.5, pp. 91-108.
Wilson, L; James, Q & L, kelling­ (1982), Broken windows theory, Long Grove, pp 455- 467.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Journal of Fine Arts: Architecture & Urban Planning
Volume 21, Issue 3
September 2017
Pages 91-101

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics