Making Vision of Rural-Urban Tissues* Based on Typology of Rural-Urban Tissues

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Faculty Member of Art and Architecture School, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

2 Master of Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, ShahidBeheshti University (SBU), Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

 
Abstract
Available approach of urban plans about “the village-based urban tissues” is perpetrating plans as “worn-out urban tissues or urban decays”. In this approach, the strategic position of these tissues as the urban sustainable development opportunities be ignored and practically try to remove or reduce the urban wear.  Attention to rural-urban tissues as an opportunity to create sustainable urban settlements; is essential to make the process of this conversion clarified. The first step in order to create sustainable urban settlements in rural-urban tissues is vision-making for these urban tissues. Attention to these rural-urban tissues and being new more than urban cores and Subsequently few studies in the field of rural-urban tissues against done researches about history of morphing, growth and typology of historical cities and even modern ones, indicate the importance of recent research. Given the physical and human characteristics of each presented types and theirs relation with metropolis, ideas according to values of each type, consider as the base applying in rural-urban vision. These ideas will come from two main sources: First: ideas of rural-urban tissues vision-making can be extracted from cities renewal organizational visions during different times such as: 1- increasing the efficiency of urban management, 2- Distinctive aspects of urban governance, 3- guiding and controlling through local policies, 4- broad governance and participation of metropolises which regularly is generalized from metropolis vision to rural-urban as a whole. Second: ideas of vision-making can be based on rural-urban identical characteristics and in a Part to the whole way be interacted to its metropolis. As an example of used ideas in rural-urban development vision-making with this method, enhancing the potentials to maintain regional balance in urban settlements, ecological ideas based on rejecting modernist aesthetic and also economic policies for urban development, even ideas base on residents’ humanistic characteristic can be noted. Mentioning these ideas is to integrating villages in the urban tissues suitably. This integration is in order to improve urban development while using the strength point of villages. Making enriched and targeted rural-urbans visions proportional to related type will be in unity with theirs urban context. In this research offered theoretical framework, practically will provided intellectual framework in the renaissance topic of rural-urban tissues due to the limitation of done researches in the rural-urban tissues studies. Developing renaissance theory of rural-urban tissues with the various approaches will bring require context for revitalization of these tissues. The result of suggested renaissances will be turning points in the twofold of city and village. In the other word, each of offered vision can be primary idea to create new settlement where containing advantage of village and city in order to coexistence of village and city and accordance with the era need. Vision-making for a rural-urban tissue can be considered as equal as planning for urban development; because future of a rural-urban tissue will be destiny of future city’s tissue. This point, prove the Necessity of attention to rural-urban vision-making. These tissues like as component of a whole will contribute to the unification of the urban complex, make urban

Keywords


توسلی، محمود(1388)، طراحی شهری هنر نو کردن ساختار شهری، خانۀ چاپ و طرح، تهران.
حبیب، فرح(1385)، کندوکاوی در معنای شکل شهر، مجله هنرهای زیبا، شماره 25، صص 5-14.
گلکار، کوروش(1384)، چشم انداز شهر محله، نشریه هنرهای زیبا، شماره 24، زمستان 1384، صص 25-36.
گلکار، کوروش و جلال آزادی(1384)، راهبرد توسعۀ شهر چیست؟، نشریه شهر نگار، شماره 30، زمستان 1384، صص 80-59.
Chen, F. Romice, O.(2009), Preserving the cultural identity of Chinese cities in urban design through a typomorphological approach, Urban Design International, 14, pp.36–54.
DATTA.B.K. (2004),. Rural Development: From Vision to Action, LBS Journal of Management & Research, Year 2004, Volume-2, Issue-1 (January), pp.33-43.
Gandy, M. (2000), Urban Visions, Journal of Urban History, 26 (3), pp. 368–379.
Green, Gary P. Deller, Steven C. Marcouiller, David W. (2005), Amenities and rural development Theory, methods and public policy. Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar (New horizons in environmental economics).
Gsänger, Hans (1994), The future of rural development, Between the adjustment of the project approach and sectoralprogramme design, Portland, Ore: F. Cass in association with the German Development Institute, London.
Jelinek G.(1992), Aspects of Density in Urban and Residential Planning for Jabotabek, Trialog, Vol. 32,pp. 8-14, Berlin.
Kim, Joon; Oki, Taikan (2011), Visioneering: an essential framework in sustainability science. In Sustain Sci, 6 (2), pp. 247–251.
Larkham, P. J. (1996), Conservation and the city, Routledge, London.
Longman Dictionary (2001), London, England.
Macdonald, E. (2005), Suburban Vision to Urban Reality: The Evolution of Olmsted and Vaux's Brooklyn Parkway Neighborhoods, In Journal of Planning History, 4 (4), pp. 295–321.
Moudon, A.V. (1994), Getting to know the built landscape: Typomorphology’ in Frank, K.A. and Schneekloth, L.H. (eds.) Ordering Space: Types in architecture and design (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold), 289‐311.
OECD: The future of rural policy. From sectoral to place-based policies in rural areas (2003), Paris: ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENTOECD.
Pinder, D. A.(2004), Visions of the city. Utopianism, power and politics in 20th-century urbanism, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
Phillipson, Chris; Scharf, Thomas (2005), Rural and urban perspectives on growing old: developing a new research agenda. In Eur J Ageing, 2 (2), pp. 67–75.
Rapoport, Amos (1990), Vernacular Architecture, in Turan M, (eds); Current Challenges in the Environmental Social Sciences, Avebury, Aldershot, England.
Saltzstein, A. L.; Copus, C.; Sonenshein, R. J.; Skelcher, C. (2008), Visions of Urban Reform: Comparing English and U.S. Strategies for Improving City Government, In Urban Affairs Review, 44 (2), pp. 155–181.
Spier, Steven (2002), urban visions. Experiencing and envisioning the city, Liverpool University Press; Tate Liverpool (Tate Liverpool critical forum, 5) , Liverpool.
The Encylopaedia Britannica(1984), the New Encyclopedia Britannica, Edinburgh.
Whitehand, J W R. (1987), The changing face of cities: a study of development cycles and urban form, Blackwell, New York.