Reviewing the Impact of Biophilic Design in Educational Centers on Learning in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Attention Deficits

The problem statement: Biologically, humans are a product of nature's processes. Nature, as an inseparable part of human life, plays a fundamental role in the journey of human perfection. Nature is the second womb for humans and the place where they grow both physically and spiritually. However, with the rise of urbanization and the decreasing connection between humans and natural environments, children, especially those with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), have been exposed to negative psychological consequences. Nowadays, the environmental changes occurring in urban areas, sadly affecting the new generation of these children who are just starting on their journey, may lead to serious damage manifested as behavioral and psychological disorders stemming from natural patterns. One of these deviations is learning disabilities, which contradicts human growth. Thus, what is essential is to realize that we are shaped by nature and benefit from it. We need nature. Therefore, today, while designing buildings and educational environments, the necessity of considering the concept of biophilia, which fosters the connection between humans and nature, has gained particular importance. Research question: This study seeks to answer the question: How can an architectural approach based on biophilic design in the adaptation of educational spaces contribute to enhancing and improving the growth and learning levels of children with learning disabilities (ADHD)? The emphasis on the concept of biophilia, which fosters the connection between humans and nature, is particularly important because today's educational spaces have diminished opportunities for children to play in outdoor settings. This is one of the reasons why children have lost their understanding of their surrounding nature. Thus, their inner connection, developed through interaction with nature, grows and enhances their learning levels. The main goal of this research is "to examine the necessity and indicators of biophilia to improve the quality of educational centers in order to enhance children's satisfaction and promote their mental health as well as boost their learning levels." This study is of a correlational and relational type, and in terms of purpose, it is applied research. The method used in this research involves a survey method, employing a standardized questionnaire to measure the improvement in learning based on biophilic architecture. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.817. The questionnaires were validated using SPSS software version 22. The testing and examination of the research hypotheses were carried out using Pearson correlation and regression frequency, with statistical analysis performed. The results of this study indicate a significant correlation between the improvement of attention deficit and hyperactivity with the educational environment, showing correlation coefficients of .591** and .742** respectively at a significance level of 0.01. The findings underline the importance of incorporating biophilic principles in the design of educational centers, which plays a crucial role in enhancing and nurturing human existence, especially in children. This research provides suggestions aimed at improving the quality of life factors in educational spaces to enhance the learning quality of children with ADHD.