Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Ph.D. Candidate/ Tabriz Islamic Art University
2
Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.
3
Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Design, Faculty of Design, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract
(Statement of the research problem) architectural space has cognitive effects on the brain; so, the physiological and cognitive effects of architecture on humans cannot be ignored. On the other hand, humans understand the surrounding environment through the lens of emotion. As a result, knowing the emotion and the architectural elements influencing it plays an important role in the audience's experience of the space. Previous research has been based on philosophy or examining behavioral patterns related to people's reactions to the environment, which were not able to explain why and how space affects humans. With advances in neuroscience and cognitive science, researchers are able to understand the impact of the artificial environment on humans through evidence-based data. Virtual reality enables very detailed observations, accurate measurement of behavior, and systematic manipulations of the environment under controlled laboratory conditions. Therefore, it has the potential to be a valuable research tool for human environment interaction studies, such as building usability studies and post-occupancy and pre-occupancy building evaluation in architectural research and profession. (Objective of the research) The aim of this systematic review study is to identify the interior architectural elements that affect the emotions of the space user. (Research method) The current research has introduced and analyzed the available sources from 2013 to 2023 by using the qualitative approach and systematic review method. A wide range of electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Springer, Taylor & Francis, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Wiley, JSTOR, Mdpi, ScienceDirect) were searched using the PRISMA method. A total of 1008 articles, books, and dissertations were found as a result of the combined search of three main keyword categories. Of these, 30 studies were included in the final report. (Findings) The focus of the research is on experimental studies that show that the elements of the architectural space, which are generally visual stimuli, affect the brain and cause different emotions to be experienced. According to the review conducted in the present research, it can be seen that the user's emotion in an architectural space is influenced by the characteristics and stimuli of the architecture of the space, which can cause the formation of a wide range of neural activities, physiological changes, and mental experiences. Each emotional response begins with a personal evaluation of an event, which leads to an emotional response including subjective experience, physiological, and behavioral response. (Conclusion) These studies have been analyzed in terms of variables, research methods, and in general, how to collect data and analyze data and results. Based on the survey, 14 internal elements of architecture including ceiling height, color, form, furniture, geometry, green space, light, materials, window shape, plan configuration, proportions, scale, sound, and texture affect the emotion of the user in architectural space. The review of studies shows that the “color” factor had the highest frequency and can be the most effective factor on the emotions of the space user. Identifying these elements and understanding how they function in the definition and perception of space will be a good guide for designing architectural spaces.
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