نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد گروه حفاظت میراث معماری، دانشکده معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه حفاظت و مطالعات معماری ایران،دانشکده معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
In the conservation of historical buildings, architectural decorations are often overlooked due to their minor role in structural stability. Their reconstruction, particularly in cases of damage or destruction, is complex due to their intricate designs and delicate nature. This study aims to preserve and digitally reconstruct the decorations of the Varamin Jameh Mosque, a significant monument from the Ilkhanid era. Some decorative elements of this building, such as the mihrab in the dome chamber, have deteriorated over time due to environmental factors and human interventions, leading to the loss of fine details. Consequently, this research focuses on the virtual recreation of these elements.
The methodology consists of an interpretive-historical approach combined with archaeological evidence analysis to identify and examine various historical phases of the mosque's decorations. To achieve highly accurate three-dimensional models, the study employed short-range photogrammetry technology. The obtained images were digitally processed to reconstruct the details. In this phase, different reconstruction strategies, including similarity, analogy, and partial symmetry, were utilized to accurately restore the damaged motifs. The study specifically focuses on the virtual recreation of the mihrab at a 1:1 scale, ensuring precision and authenticity.
The results indicate that digital reconstruction methods effectively enable the conservation and study of damaged architectural decorations without physical interventions. The study produces a two-dimensional map of the mihrab with the maximum readable motifs by integrating 3D models and orthographic images (Orthophoto). The comparative analysis with similar structures from the same era contributes to a better understanding of the original design.
Furthermore, this research highlights the advantages of virtual reconstruction over physical restoration. Unlike conventional restoration methods, which may alter the original structure or introduce speculative elements, digital techniques offer a non-invasive approach to studying and preserving historical artifacts. By employing advanced photogrammetric techniques, the study overcomes challenges associated with reconstructing intricate details, ensuring both scientific accuracy and historical fidelity.
The findings underscore the significance of utilizing photogrammetry and digital modeling for the documentation and analysis of historical cultural heritage. By applying these technologies, researchers can produce highly detailed models that serve as valuable references for conservation efforts. This approach not only aids in historical interpretation but also provides an accessible platform for educating scholars, historians, and the general public about cultural heritage.
The study also emphasizes the importance of adhering to international documentation standards, such as the Seville and London Charters, which advocate for transparency, accuracy, and accessibility in digital heritage projects. These guidelines ensure that digital reconstructions maintain academic credibility and serve as reliable tools for future conservation initiatives.
In conclusion, the digital reconstruction of the mihrab of the Varamin Jameh Mosque demonstrates the potential of virtual heritage technologies in preserving and understanding architectural history. The integration of photogrammetry and digital modeling enhances the accuracy of reconstructions and contributes to the broader discourse on heritage conservation. Future research could expand on these methods by incorporating augmented and virtual reality applications to further enrich the interpretative and educational aspects of historical preservation.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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