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<ArticleSet>
<Article>
<Journal>
				<PublisherName>موسسه انتشارات دانشگاه تهران</PublisherName>
				<JournalTitle>نشریه هنرهای زیبا: معماری و شهرسازی</JournalTitle>
				<Issn>2228-6020</Issn>
				<Volume>19</Volume>
				<Issue>1</Issue>
				<PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
					<Year>2014</Year>
					<Month>03</Month>
					<Day>21</Day>
				</PubDate>
			</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Devising a Knowledge Management Framework for Integrated Policy-Making in Tehran</ArticleTitle>
<VernacularTitle>تدبیر چارچوب مدیریت دانش برای سیاست‌گذاری یکپارچه در کلان‌شهر تهران</VernacularTitle>
			<FirstPage>57</FirstPage>
			<LastPage>70</LastPage>
			<ELocationID EIdType="pii">55378</ELocationID>
			
<ELocationID EIdType="doi">10.22059/jfaup.2014.55378</ELocationID>
			
			<Language>FA</Language>
<AuthorList>
<Author>
					<FirstName>زهره</FirstName>
					<LastName>عبدی دانشپور</LastName>
<Affiliation>استاد گروه برنامه‌ریزی شهری و منطقه‌ای، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی</Affiliation>

</Author>
<Author>
					<FirstName>وحیده</FirstName>
					<LastName>ابراهیم‌نیا</LastName>
<Affiliation>دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی شهری و منطقه‌ای، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی</Affiliation>

</Author>
<Author>
					<FirstName>ئه‌سرین</FirstName>
					<LastName>محمودپور</LastName>
<Affiliation>دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی شهری و منطقه‌ای، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی</Affiliation>

</Author>
</AuthorList>
				<PublicationType>Journal Article</PublicationType>
			<History>
				<PubDate PubStatus="received">
					<Year>2013</Year>
					<Month>07</Month>
					<Day>25</Day>
				</PubDate>
			</History>
		<Abstract>&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;Justification for integration of various metropolitan policies is the existence of varied and multiple policy-makers involved in metropolitan planning and policy-making, depicting the complex and insoluble problems of communication of information and knowledge: policy-makers stay uninformed of the aims, agendas, plans and policies of other decision/policy-makers. As a result the generated aims, decisions, policies and plans become disintegrated, contradictory and unreasonably rival and conflicting rather than progressing towards a co-ordinated and participating course of affairs. A vital source of devising any mechanism for achieving integration is knowledge-base and knowledge management. Correspondingly, a major challenge in metropolitan policy-making processes is the lack of accurate, available and integrated information base or a decision support system suitable to enable the integrated policy-making and the adoption of a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;spatial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt; approach of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;metropolitan planning&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;. Tehran – as a metropolis – has a multiplicity of decision-makers, policy-makers or participants in its course of change indicating a diverse and incompatible set of aims and policies that retort to the individual, group and institutional inconsistencies which perpetually produces unresolved disintegration. To overcome incoordination and disintegration in Tehran, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;a changed context of policy-making&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt; is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;indispensable&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;. In the planning and management of Tehran &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;no record of research or policy-making explicitly related either to the knowledge management or to integrated policy-making can be traced and this is an area which this paper has intended to contend with. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;Thispaperdiscussesthe importance ofshifting the emphasis from traditional urbanplanning to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;spatial or multi-dimensional &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;metropolitan planning approaches and from using &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;formal information and expertise knowledge&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt; toachanged methodological frameworkwithinwhich &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;change extends the traditional to spatial metropolitan planning approach by adopting the urbanknowledge systemsthat arein accordance withthe principlesof knowledge management and k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;nowledge-based &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;policy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;-making&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-fareast-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;The purpose extends to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;tracing the diverse - though related - dimensions and aspects of integration in policy making to devise a conceptual framework to facilitate integration and sharing of knowledge amongst concerned actors accompanied by an &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;integrated policy-making as against sectoral, fragmented and disintegrated policy-making stance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;. A dual descriptive-analytic and analytic-prescriptive method has been adopted. First, subsequent to the basic descriptions, the level of consistency and sharing of information used in policy-making in Tehran is traced and analyzed. Second, a qualitative content analysis method is adapted to be applied in the analysis of integration from the standpoint of knowledge management in policy-making in Tehran. The analytic-prescriptive path devises a method and a framework to achieve the assumed aims in a way in which if adopted and the appropriate support systems are prepared, the knowledge, information and policy integration in Tehran would be realized. Through establishing such an integrated knowledge base framework for integrated policy-m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;king, broad problems as depletion of resources and duplication of efforts would be overpowered, condensed or curtailed. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;Linking &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;the dual concepts of knowledge management and integrated policy-making in the planning and policy-making processes of a metropolitan area such as Tehran.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</Abstract>
			<OtherAbstract Language="FA">&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;توجیه ضرورت سیاست‌گذاری یکپارچه در ‌شهرها، وجود عرصه‌های موضوعی سیاست‌گذاری و نیز سیاست‌گذاران چندگانۀ درگیر در برنامه‌ریزی و سیاست‌گذاری کلان‌شهری و تولید سیاست‌های غیریکپارچه و ناهماهنگ است. چنین سیاست‌هایی به عناصر و مسیرهایی غیریکپارچه و چندپاره، ناهماهنگ، متناقض و رقابتی می‌انجامند. منبعی مهم برای تنظیم سازوکارهای مناسب برای دستیابی به یکپارچگی و &lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;به پیامدهای مثبت&lt;/span&gt; آن، دانش و مدیریت دانش است، با این توجه که &lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;یک &lt;/span&gt;چالش اصلی سیاست‌گذاری کلان‌شهری نبود اطلاعات مناسب، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;;&quot;&gt;کامل‌،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt; در دسترس و یکپارچه و وجود نامعلومی‌هایی‌ است که سیستم مورد &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;;&quot;&gt;تصمیم‌گیر&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;ی &lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;و سیاست‌گذاری را احاطه می‌کند. &lt;/span&gt;هدف این مقاله، ردیابی ابعاد یکپارچگی در سیاست‌گذاری کلان‌شهر تهران&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt; به منظور کمک به &lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;تدبیر چارچوبی انگاشتی&lt;/span&gt; برای تسهیل اثر مدیریت دانش در دستیابی به سیاست‌گذاری یکپارچه &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;–&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;در برابر سیاست‌گذاری بخشی، پاره‌پاره و غیریکپارچه است و برای دستیابی به آن روشی با مسیر دوگانۀ توصیفی- تحلیلی با &lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;ردیابی&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;چگونگی یکپارچگی در سیاست‌گذاری &lt;/span&gt;و تحلیلی- تجویزی &lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;به‌منظور ارتقای یکپارچگی اطلاعات، دانش و سیاست‌گذاری،&lt;/span&gt; اختیار شده است. ارزش این مقاله کوشش در پرداختن به و به‌کارگیری هر دو انگاشت‌ اصلی این مقاله، یعنی &quot;مدیریت دانش&quot; و &quot;سیاست‌گذاری یکپارچه&quot; و نیز اتصال این دو در برنامه‌ریزی کلان‌شهرهایی چون کلان‌شهر تهران که پیشینه‌ای&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;–&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt; چه پژوهشی و چه سیاست‌گذاری&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;,&#039;serif&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt;–&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt; در این زمینه ندارند، است. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 90%; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: &#039;B Mitra&#039;; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</OtherAbstract>
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